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Objective To report the clinical outcomes of applying endoscopic incision in the treatment of ureterovesical anastomosis site obstruction in transplanted kidneys. Methods Between February 2001 and April 2008, 13 men and 5 women with ureterovesical anastomotic site obstruction in their transplanted kidneys were treated by endoscopic incision with electrocautery or holmium: YAG laser. After the anastomosis was completely resected, two Double-J stents were placed in the ureter for 6-8 weeks. During follow-up, renal function, ultrasound examination and wash-out renal scintig-raphy were performed every month for the first 6 months, then every 3 months. Results Total 25 procedures of endoureterotomy were performed and all procedures resulted in successful incision of the obstruction. No complication was recorded during or after the procedure. At the mean follow-up of 51 months (range 4-90 months), 5 patients presented with recurred obstructive uropathy immediately after the Double-J stent removal and finally underwent open surgical correction. Conclusions Endo-scopic incision is safe and effective in the treatment of ureterovesical anastomosis site obstruction in transplanted kidney. However, open surgical reconstruction should be considered if endoscopic inci-sion procedure has failed.
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B7-H1, a recently described member of the B7 family of costimulatory molecules, is thought to be involved in tumor immune escape by inducing T-cell apoptosis. In order to investigate the relationship between B7-H1 and immune escape of bladder cancer, B7-H1 expression in 50 cases of bladder cancer was detected by using immunohistochemical method. Survival curves were constructed using the Kaplan-Meier method and independent prognostic factors were evaluated using the Cox regression model. Our results showed that the positive rate of B7-H1 immunostaining in normal bladder tissue and bladder cancer was 0 and 72% respectively. The expression of B7-H1 was strongly associated with the pathological grade, clinical stage and recurrence (P<0.05). The survival rate was significantly lower in patients with B7-H1 positive group than in those with B7-H1 negative group and multi-variable analysis revealed that B7-H1 could be regarded as an independent factor in evaluating the prognosis of bladder cancer. It is concluded that the expression of B7-H1 is strongly associated with neoplastic progression and prognosis of bladder cancer. The manipulation of B7-H1 may become a beneficial target for immunotherapy in human bladder cancer.
Subject(s)
Antigens, CD/genetics , Antigens, CD/metabolism , B7-1 Antigen/genetics , B7-1 Antigen/metabolism , Prognosis , Tumor Escape/genetics , Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/immunology , Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/metabolismABSTRACT
The association between the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in -174G/C and -634C/G of interleukin-6 (IL-6) promoter region and prostate cancer was examined in the population of Han people in Hubei region. TaqMan PCR was employed for the gene-typing of -174G/C and -634C/G in promoter region of IL-6 gene to compare the prostate cancer patients and normal controls in terms of genotype frequency, allele frequency and risk of prostate cancer. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used for the detection of IL-6 concentration in peripheral blood of the patients with prostate cancer and the relationship between the IL-6 level and the genotype was studied. Our results showed that in all the subjects, the genotype of genetic locus -174G/C was found to be GG and no CG and CC were observed. There was a significant difference in gene frequency of GG, CG and CC of -634C/G and allele frequency of G and C between prostate cancer patients and normal controls (P<0.05) and the gene frequency of GG+CG increased with the clinical stages and pathological grades of prostate cancer. The IL-6 level in GG+CG group was significantly higher than that in CC group. It was concluded that no SNP in -174G/C IL-6 promoter region was found in the population of Han people in Hubei region. The SNP in -634C/G was, to some extent, associated with the development and progression of prostate cancer. The population with GG+CG genetype has higher risk for prostate cancer.
Subject(s)
Alleles , Case-Control Studies , China , Gene Frequency , Genotype , Interleukin-6/genetics , Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide , Promoter Regions, Genetic , Prostatic Neoplasms/geneticsABSTRACT
To investigate the effects of down-regulation of prostate androgen regulated (PAR) expression on proliferation of PC3 cells by using RNA interference (RNAi), suppression of PAR expression was achieved by transfection of PC3 cells with short hairpin RNA (shRNA) expression vectors against PAR, designated as psiRNA-PAR1, psiRNA-PAR2 and psiRNA-PAR3. The inhibitory effects were confirmed by RT-PCR. The growth features of PC3 transfectants were analyzed by cell counts, colon formation in soft agar and flow cytometry. The expression of PAR was suppressed by the three shRNA expression vectors. psiRNA-PAR1 was shown to inhibit the PAR expression most efficiently, with the inhibitory rate reaching a peak at (81.18±1.68)% 48 h after the transfection. PC3 transfectants exhibited a decreased proliferation in cell culture and a low efficiency of colon formation in soft agar. Flow cytometry revealed a G2/M arrest and induced apoptosis. Down-regulated PAR expression inhibited the growth of PC3 cells by inducing G2/M arrest and activating apoptotic pathway. As a potential proto-oncogene that triggers and/or has persistent malignant proliferation, PAR may serves as a very target for the gene therapy.
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In order to compare the effects of several experimental renal calcium oxalate stones formation models in rats and to find a simple and convenient model with significant effect of calcium oxalate crystals deposition in the kidney, several rat models of renal calcium oxalate stones formation were induced by some crystal-inducing drugs (CID) including ethylene glycol (EG), ammonium chloride (AC), vitamin D3 [1α(OH)VitD3, alfacalcidol], calcium gluconate, ammonium oxalate, gentamicin sulfate, L-hydroxyproline. The rats were fed with drugs given singly or unitedly. At the end of experiment, 24-h urines were collected and the serum creatinine (Cr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), the extents of calcium oxalate crystal deposition in the renal tissue, urinary calcium and oxalate excretion were measured. The serum Cr levels in the stone-forming groups were significantly higher than those in the control group except for the group EG+L-hydroxyproline, group calcium gluconate and group oxalate. Blood BUN concentration was significantly higher in rats fed with CID than that in control group except for group EG+L-hydroxyproline and group ammonium oxalate plus calcium gluconate. In the group of rats administered with EG plus Vitamin D3, the deposition of calcium oxalate crystal in the renal tissue and urinary calcium excretion were significantly greater than other model groups. The effect of the model induced by EG plus AC was similar to that in the group induced by EG plus Vitamin D3. EG plus Vitamin D3 or EG plus AC could stably and significantly induced the rat model of renal calcium oxalate stones formation.
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In order to compare the effects of several experimental renal calcium oxalate stones formation models in rats and to find a simple and convenient model with significant effect of calcium oxalate crystals deposition in the kidney, several rat models of renal calcium oxalate stones formation were induced by some crystal-inducing drugs (CID) including ethylene glycol (EG), ammonium chloride (AC), vitamin D(3)[1alpha(OH)VitD(3), alfacalcidol], calcium gluconate, ammonium oxalate, gentamicin sulfate, L-hydroxyproline. The rats were fed with drugs given singly or unitedly. At the end of experiment, 24-h urines were collected and the serum creatinine (Cr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), the extents of calcium oxalate crystal deposition in the renal tissue, urinary calcium and oxalate excretion were measured. The serum Cr levels in the stone-forming groups were significantly higher than those in the control group except for the group EG+L-hydroxyproline, group calcium gluconate and group oxalate. Blood BUN concentration was significantly higher in rats fed with CID than that in control group except for group EG+L-hydroxyproline and group ammonium oxalate plus calcium gluconate. In the group of rats administered with EG plus Vitamin D(3), the deposition of calcium oxalate crystal in the renal tissue and urinary calcium excretion were significantly greater than other model groups. The effect of the model induced by EG plus AC was similar to that in the group induced by EG plus Vitamin D(3). EG plus Vitamin D(3) or EG plus AC could stably and significantly induced the rat model of renal calcium oxalate stones formation.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To appraise the effect of chronic abacterial prostatitis (CAP) on semen quality and the efficacy of antibacterial agents.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The semen of 86 cases of CAP and 20 normal men were analysed together with the antisperm antibodies in their blood and semen, and the antisperm antibodies in the blood and spermatic fluid were determined. Then the 86 patients were randomized into two groups, one treated with Chinese traditional medicine, indomethacin and three kinds of antibacterial agents, the other with Chinese traditional medicine and indomethacin only. The treatment lasted 3 months, and a follow-up visit was paid every month.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Sperm motility and normal modality of the CAP group were 59.8% and 52.8%, respectively, significantly lower than those of the normal group (P < 0.005). The positive rates of the antisperm antibodies in the blood and spermatic fluid were 46.5% and 50%, respectively, significantly higher than those of the normal group. The clinical efficacy was significantly better in the group treated with antibacterial agents than the one without (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>CAP can affect sperm quality and decrease fertility. Antibacterial agents can obviously enhance sperm quality and the cure rate of CAP.</p>
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Anti-Bacterial Agents , Therapeutic Uses , Autoantibodies , Metabolism , Chronic Disease , Follow-Up Studies , Prostatitis , Drug Therapy , Allergy and Immunology , Semen , Chemistry , Physiology , Sperm Motility , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the diagnosis and surgical treatment of penis lymphangioma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Clinical data of 13 cases of penis lymphangioma were analysed restrospectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The 13 cases, treated by radical lymphangiomaectomy, were followed up for 2 to 3 years, and none of them had recurrence. This therapy affected neither the penile appearance, nor the erectile function of the patients. So their sexual life remained intact.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Radical ectomy should be the first choice of treatment for penis lymphangioma.</p>
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Child , Humans , Male , Lymphangioma , General Surgery , Penile Neoplasms , General Surgery , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the efficacy and safety of celecoxib in treating inflammatory(Type IIIA) chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome(CP/CPPS-IIIA type).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty-four patients with diagnosed CP/CPPS-IIIA were randomized equally into two groups, Group A treated with celecoxib 200 mg daily(qd), while Group B with 200 mg twice a day(bid), both for 6 weeks. The white blood cell (WBC) count in expressed prostate secretion(EPS) and National Institutes of Health Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index(NIH-CPSI) were assessed and compared at baseline(0 week) and at 2, 4, 6 weeks or the endpoint.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mean number of WBC in EPS and the mean NIH-CPSI total scores were decreased gradually after treatment from baseline in both groups. The mean number of WBC of in EPS of either group at the endpoint was decreased by 46.2% and 69.4% respectively(Group A vs Group B) compared with the baseline level. The mean NIH-CPSI total scores of the two groups were decreased respectively by 5.6 and 8.3 points (Group A vs Group B). In terms of the above two parameters, Group B, responded better than Group A to the treatment. The differences observed above were statistically significant(all P < 0.05). No serious adverse event presented.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Celecoxib is effective and safe for patients with CP/CPPS(IIIA). The dosage of 200 mg twice a day is more efficacious than that of 200 mg daily.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Celecoxib , Chronic Disease , Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors , Therapeutic Uses , Prostatitis , Drug Therapy , Pyrazoles , Sulfonamides , Therapeutic UsesABSTRACT
Objective:To study the effects of anti-oncogene PTEN transfection on apoptosis of human bladder cancer cell lines,BIU-87,and to bring a new method of gene therapy for bladder cancer. Methods:A eukaryotic expression vector containing PTEN was transfected into BIU-87,and positive cell clones were selected and amplified.Expression of PTEN was detected by RT-PCR.Apoptosis of BIU-87 were measured before and after transfection by in situ cell apoptosis detection kit and flow cytometry. Results:PTEN transfected BIU-87 could steadily express PTEN mRNA,and cell apoptosis significantly increased compared with control groups. Conclusion:Transfection of PTEN might induce apoptosis of bladder cancer cells so as to inhibit the occurrence and development of tumor.
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Objective To study the relationship of expr ession of PTEN and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) with angiogenesis i n bladder cancers. Methods Using immunohistochemical S- P method,the expression of PTEN and VEGF was examined in 62 bladder cancer sampl es and 18 chronic cystitis samples (control group);and the microvessel density ( MVD) was compared among different expression states of PTEN and VEGF in bladder cancer tissues. Results The positive rates of PTEN in bl adder cancer and control groups were 53.2% (33/62) and 100.0% (18/18),respective ly.The difference between the 2 groups was significant ( P
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To reduce recurrence in the patients with bladder cancer after tumor removal through open surgery or transurethral resection, a form of gelatin-adriamycin sustained drug release system was developed and its release kinetics both in vitro and in vivo, its efficacy in inhibiting BIU-87 bladder tumor cell growth in vitro and its safety in vivo were studied. The results showed that this system controlled adriamycin release over a period of 21 days in vitro and significantly inhibited BIU-87 cell growth. When this system was injected into rabbit bladder, it sustained adriamycin release for 12 days and the released drug could diffuse 1 cm around the injection point. No major complications were observed except minor acute nonspecific cystitis that could be tolerated well by the animals. This study suggests the possibility of applying this system locally in treating bladder cancer.
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To reduce recurrence in the patients with bladder cancer after tumor removal through open surgery or transurethral resection, a form of gelatin-adriamycin sustained drug release system was developed and its release kinetics both in vitro and in vivo, its efficacy in inhibiting BIU-87 bladder tumor cell growth in vitro and its safety in vivo were studied. The results showed that this system controlled adriamycin release over a period of 21 days in vitro and significantly inhibited BIU-87 cell growth. When this system was injected into rabbit bladder, it sustained adriamycin release for 12 days and the released drug could diffuse 1 cm around the injection point. No major complications were observed except minor acute nonspecific cystitis that could be tolerated well by the animals. This study suggests the possibility of applying this system locally in treating bladder cancer.
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Objective To study the drug retention of HPC MMC in bladder after intravesical instillation. Methods The pharmacokinetics of the intravesical mucous adhesive anticancer agent HPC MMC in urine and in tissue were comparatively studied with conventional mitomycin C aqueous solution(S MMC) by means of animal experiment. Results After instillation, the half life of MMC in urine in the 2 groups was 2.61 h and 0.56 h and in tissue 2.33h and 0.46 h respectively. Conclusions Suggesting that HPC MMC remained longer within the urinary bladder. It may be therapeutically more efficient.